Midterm exam Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Midterm exam - Assignment Example The new constitution, of the Second Republic, established a strong Executive, and also a President elected through popular vote by universal male suffrage, instead of the National Assembly. In the election held on December 10-11, 1884, five candidates participated; they included Lois Napoleon, General Cavaignac, Lamartine, Alexandre Auguste Ledru-Rollin, and Raspail. The election campaign of Napoleon appealed to the left and the right. His manifesto supported family, religion, property, and eternal basis of social order; in addition to providing more work, ensuring comfortable old age for workers, and introducing favorable industrial laws. The election results were announced on December 20, 1884 and Louis Napoleon won with 5,572,834 votes, 74.2 % of total votes cast. After the victory, he immediately moved to the Elysee Palace (Spitzer 36). Louis Napoleon became Napoleon III on December 2, 1852. Following official request by for the Empire’s return, the Senate organized a referendum to be held on November 21-22, 1852, concerning making Napoleon emperor. 97% of voters voted in favor of the referendum, this represents 7,824,129 votes. Hence on December 2, 1852 the second republic ended and the Empire was restored. The referendum victory, therefore, introduced the Second French Empire; and the President’s title changed to Emperor Napoleon III (Spitzer 40). The main priority of Emperor Napoleon III was modernizing the French economy, which was behind the economy of United Kingdom and some German states. Napoleon IIII wanted the government to have an active role in the improvement of the economy. He advocated for the government enhancing infrastructure necessary for economic growth. He ensured the rebuilding of central Paris; this rebuilding enhanced commercial innovation and expansion. Borne Marche, the first departmental store in Paris was opened din 1852. The Emperor opened the French market to

Patriarchy, the System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Patriarchy, the System - Essay Example However, Johnson would want to show to us that these would not be able to present us the actual working social patterns in the society. In order for us to better grasp the vital thoughts of Johnson about patriarchy, being acquainted to the idea of a system, participation and resistance are important concepts that highlight the presence of male privilege and female gender oppression. We shall be able to discuss them in concrete and great detail for us to take hold of the ultimate concept that Johnson would want to share with us. The article entitled â€Å"Patriarchy, the System: An It, Not a He, a Them, or an US† is the actual work of Johnson depicting rich information about patriarchy as a system and how systematic male gender privilege informs sexism. This work is the actual reference of all the concepts and thoughts integrated into the work at hand. This paper explains what Johnson means by Patriarchy, the System, elaborating how male gender privilege and female gender oppre ssion consist of more than simply the actions of individuals. The work at hand also involves examples for us to understand how systematic male gender privilege informs sexism. ... nge of this system, but Johnson believes that the individual choices of actions could make a difference, and even could possibly initiate total system change. Johnson started to define Patriarchy as a system by elaborating some examples of other systems like capitalism and the game ‘monopoly’. For Johnson, in a capitalistic society, every worker has less power to level up with the capitalists and would never have any chance to exercise what they would want to do even if they could (p. 30). The reason is that they are strongly confined within the system that everyone is doing, and so it is hard for an individual to deviate from the entire working system. In a capitalistic society, the rule is to gain, no matter how detailed personal convictions may internally protest or showcase disapproval. For as long as the ultimate goal is achieved in the end, the whole system can be said that it conspires to create a necessary output. In addition, Johnson also provides a detailed exa mple by explaining the working concept of a game called ‘monopoly.’ According to Johnson, this game manifests actual working system, which aids the individual player to best the opponents. The purpose of the game is to win, but prior to winning, there is an actual system that everyone should participate and show no resistance particularly with the working rules (p. 34). The important points that surface in the above two examples are the actual concepts of ‘participation’ and ‘least resistance’ that could help us elaborate the complex system surrounding patriarchy. According to Johnson, socialization is a mechanism for training people to participate (p. 37). As we therefore participate in social systems, we are shaped as individuals leading us to participate in social life via